Pokeweed

Phytolacca americana

Tall North American native perennial with red stems, white flower racemes, and clusters of glossy purple-black berries in late summer. Berries yield a strong pink-to-purple dye, historically used for ink and food colouring.

Hardiness ratings

Pokeweed hardiness across the four zone systems
SystemRatingTemperature rangeHow to read it
USDA hardiness zone Zone 4–9 −34.4 °C to −1.1 °C Plant tolerates down to this zone
RHS hardiness rating H6 −20 °C to −15 °C Plant needs at least this level of cold tolerance
Canadian plant hardiness zone Zone 4–8 −29 °C to −1 °C Plant tolerates down to this zone
Australian (ANBG) zone Zone 2–6 −10 °C to 15 °C Plant tolerates down to this zone

Growing notes

  • Pink-purple dye extracted from the berries — historically used for ink (US Declaration of Independence drafts said to have used pokeweed ink) and clandestine wine adulteration
  • WARNING: All parts of the plant are toxic — berries especially attractive to children, cause severe gastric distress and rarely fatal poisoning; cooked young shoots ("poke salad") are a regional southern US tradition but require multiple water-changes during boiling and are not recommended
  • Pink dye fades on cloth — historically used for ephemeral marks and ink rather than colour-fast textile dyeing
  • Dies to ground each winter and resprouts vigorously each spring

Pet caution: Pokeweed is listed as potentially harmful to cats and/or dogs. Keep pets from grazing on it, and contact a vet if you suspect your animal has eaten some.

Categories

Related plants

Cross-check Pokeweed against your zones

Reference

Pokeweed on Wikipedia